Chapter-1 Physical Features of the Punjab and Their Influence on its History
1. To which language
does the word ‘Punjab’ belong?
Persian
2. What is meant by
‘Punjab’?
the land of five rivers
3. Name the fiver
rivers that flow through Punjab?
Satluj, Ravi, Bias, Chanab, Jehlam
4. What was the name of
Punjab, during Rigvedic period?
Sapta Sindhu
5. What was Punjab’s
name during Epics and Puranas?
Panchnad
6. What name was given
to Punjab, by the Greeks?
Penta Potamia
7. Why was Punjab
called ‘Tak Desh’?
as it was inhabited by Tak Tribe
8. When was Punjab
annexed to British Kingdom?
1849 A.D.
9. When did division of
Punjab start?
1901 A.D.
10. During whose rule
did the division of Punjab start?
Lord Curzon
11. When did British
seprated Delhi from Punjab?
1911 A.D.
12. When was Punjab
divided on linguistic basis?
1966
13. How many districts
are there in Punjab?
22
14. Name the newest
district of Punjab?
Fazilka
15. In which direction
does Himalya lies to Punjab?
In the north
16. Name the highest
mountain peak in the world?
Mount Everest
17. Name the most
famous Himalyan Pass.
Khaiber
18. What is the area
between Shivalik mountains and Punjab’s plains known?
Tarai Pradesh
19. During which Mughal
rulers’ rule were Doabs created?
Akbar
20. Doab is the word of
which language?
English
21. What does doab
mean?
Land between two rivers
22. In Punjab, how many
doabs are there?
Five
23. Which doab is known
as Majha?
Bari Doab
24. By what name the
natives of Majha known?
Majhail
25. Lahore and Amritsar
Sahib are situated in which Doab?
Bari Doab
26. Which area is known
as Malwa?
Area between Satluj & Ghaggar
27. Why is Malwa known
as?
Due to the rule of Malla tribe
28. Bangar is the area
between which two rivers?
Ghaggar and Yamuna
29. When did the first
battle of Tarain take place?
1191 A.D.
30. Between which two
parties did first battle of Tarain took place?
Muhammad Ghori and Prithvi Raj
Chauhan
31. Who won the First
Battle of Tarain?
Prithvi Raj Chauhan
32. When did the second
battle of Tarain take place?
1192 AD
33. Between which two
parties did second battle of Tarain took place?
Muhammad Ghori and Prithvi Raj
Chauhan
34. Who won the Second
Battle of Tarain?
Muhammad Ghori
35. When did the first
battle of Panipat take place?
1526 A.D.
36. Between which two
parties did first battle of Panipat took place?
Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi
37. Who won the First
Battle of Panipat?
Babur
38. When did the second
battle of Panipat take place?
1556 A.D.
39. Between which two
parties did second battle of Panipat took place?
Akbar and Hemu
40. Who won the Second
Battle of Panipat?
Akbar
41. When did the Third
battle of Panipat take place?
1761 AD
42. Between which two
parties did Third battle of Panipat took place?
Ahmad Shah Abdali and Marathas
43. Who won the Third
Battle of Panipat?
Ahmad Shah Abdali
44. Name the first
victory of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s rule?
Lahore
45. How many times did
Ahmed Shah Abdali invaded India?
8
46. Where did Arya
sattled in India, first of all?
Sapta Sindhu
Fill in the blanks
1. During Rigvedic
period Punjab was known as______________.
2.___________ is the most famous Himaliyan
pass.
3.____________ is also known as Majha.
4._________ won the first battle of Tarain.
5. The second battle of
Panipat took place in_________.
True/False
1. Doab means land
between three rivers.
2. Punjab has 24
Districts.
3. There are five Doabs
in Punjab.
4. Malwa is known due
to the rule of malla tribe.
5. Ahmad Shah Abdali
invaded India 8 times.
3 Marks Question Answer.
1. Q: Write short note
on geographical features of Punjab.
Ans:
a) Himalayas is located to the north
of Punjab. It is very high. It protects Punjab and India from foreigner
invaders. It also fetches rain as monsoon strikes against it.
b) The sub-mountainious region is
located between Shivalik hills and the plains. This region is less fertile.
c) The plains of Punjab is one of the
most fertile regions of the world.
2. Q: Why is Punjab
called as the Gateway of India?
Ans:
a) Punjab is called as the Gateway of India due to its geographical location.
b) Towards its north-west are located
Khyber, Kurram, Tochi and Bolan passes. It is easy to cross these passes.
c) It is the reason that since
ancient times foreigner invaders, traders, saints, traverlers etc. entered
India through these passes.
d) They could advance only after
passing Punjab.
3. Q: What is the
importance of Punjab in the Indian History?
Ans:
a) Aryan compiled Rigveda in this
region.
b) The great was of Mahabharata was
fought on this land.
c) Lord Krishana delivered his
spiritual message i.e. the Gita here.
d) It is the place where Chandragupta
Maurya established India’s first empire.
e) Khalsa was founded on the land of
Punjab.
4. Q: What were the
benefits of Himalayas to Punjab?
Ans:
a) Himalyas protect Punjab and India
from foreigner Invaders.
b) The monsoon winds cause rainfall
to Punjab after striking Himalayas.
c) The rivers originating from
Himalayas made the plains of Punjab very fertile.
d) Himalayas have provided famous
hill stations to Punjab such as Shimla, Dalhauji, Kullu, Manali etc.
e) Himalayas has contributed to the
economic prosperity of the Punjab.
5. Q: What do you
understand by Malwa and Bangar?
Ans:
a) Malwa: The area lying between the Sutlej and the Ghaggar rivers is called Malwa.
Ludhiana, Patiala, Sirhind, Sangrur, Malerkotla, Bathinda, Faridkot and Nabha
fall in this area.
b) Banger: The area lying between the Ghaggar and Jamuna river is called Banger. It includes
Ambala, Panipat, Rohtak, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Gurugram, Jind and Hisar etc.
6. Q: What were the
political effects of the geographical features of the Punjab?
Ans:
a) The punjab acted as the Gateway of
India for centuries due to its geographical location.
b) The people of Punjab had to face
the tyranny of foreign invaders.
c) A number of important battels were
fought on this land.
d) The rivers flowing through the
Punjab has changed the way of foreign invaders.
e) The north-west boundry of Punjab
created a lot of trouble for its rulers.
7. Q: Write econmic
impacts on the geography of Punjab.
Ans:
a) Due to its fertile plains, the
main occupation of the people of Punjab was agriculture.
b) People reared sheep and goats due
in the mountainius regions of the Punjab.
c) Due to its geographical location,
the foreign trade flourished in Punjab.
d) A number of cities like Lahore,
Multan, Sirhind, Jalandhar and Amritsar emerged as the famous trade centres.
e) Punjab’s geographical condition
has made it economically rich state.
8. Q: How did the
rivers of Punjab affect its history?
Ans:
a) The rivers of Punjab checked the
way of foreign invaders.
b) Its rivers has changed the way of
foreign invaders a number of times.
c) Rivers of the Punjab has made its
land very fertile.
d) It contributed to the prosperty of
Punjab which resulted in foreigner’s invasion.
9. Q: How did the
forests and hills of Punjab influence its history?
Ans:
a) Sikhs used to get shelter in
forests and hills when Mughals and Afghans attacked them.
b) Forests and hills helped the Sikhs
to restore their strength and wage gurilla war against their enemies.
c) Forests and hills of Punjab
contributed to its economic prosperity.
d) Forests and hills helped the Sikhs
in setting up independent Misls.
10. Q: What effects did
the physical features of Punjab have on its socio-cultural history?
Ans:
a) Most of the foreign invaders got
settled in Punjab. They married Indian women. As a result, many new castes and
sub-castes came into being.
b) Mixing of people of various
cultures gave birth to a distinct culture in Punjab.
c) Foreign invasions on Punjabis made
them fearless and brave.
d) Frequent invasions on Punjab gave
a severe blow to its historical sources.
e) Punjabis learnt a lot of things
from foreigners which became part of their life.
11. Q: How did the
geography of Punjab affect its religios life?
Ans:
a) Punjab is the birth place of
Hinduism.
b) A lot of religious literature was
composed on the land of Punjab.
c) A number of saints and preachers
visited Punjab along with foreign invaders. They preached their own religions.
d) Mughal and Afghan rulers gave
partonage to Islam in Punjab.
e) Guru Gobind Singh Ji established
Khalsa in Punjab.
12. Q: What do you mean
by Doab? Give a brief description of the Doabs of Punjab.
Ans: Doab:
Doab is a Persian word meaing the ‘Land between the two rivers’. The
Punjab has five doabs:
a) Bist Jalandhar Doab:
The area located between the rivers Sutlej and the Beas.
b) Bari Doab: The area located between the rivers Beas and the Ravi.
c) Rachna Doab: The area located between the Ravi and the Chanab.
d) Chaj Doab: The area located between the Chanab and the Jhelam.
e) Sind Sagar Doab: The area lying between the Jhelam and the Sind.
6 marks question answer
Q.1:-Explain
geographical features of Punjab?
Ans :-( a) Himalaya is located to the
north of Punjab. It is very high. It protects Punjab and India from foreign
invaders. It helps in more rains in Punjab region as monsoon strikes against it.
(b) The sub -mountainous region is located
between Shivalik hills and the plains .This region is less fertile. It is also
called trai reason.
(c) The plains of the Punjab are one
of the most fertile region in the world.
(d) The Himalayas and Sulaiman mountain
Region- These mountains expanded from Assam to Afghanistan. It is natural wall
which protects from foreign invaders.
(e) The land of Punjab becomes more fertile
because of Himalayan rivers. Sulaiman ranges situated in the North-west of
Punjab.
Q.2:- Explain the
political effects of the physical features of Punjab?
Ans: -
(a) The Punjab gateway of India: - Punjab
was known as the gateway of
India because all invaders penetrated
India through Punjab.
(b) Punjab field of historic battles: There were very important battles faught in this region .i.e. battles of
tarain in 1191-92 other battles between Alexander and porus, Chandragupta Maurya
and yunanies also faught at the same land.
(c) The North West frontier problem: - The North- West frontier always became a head ache for the rulers of
Punjab. There were two reasons.
(1). Foreigner invaders attacked Punjab
from this side. So it was very difficult to maintain armed forces here.
2. kabayli people lived in this
reason were very dreaded.
(d). Political importance of the famous towns: - Lahore, Multan, Peshawar were famous for their political importance.
Peshawar was important for military point of view.
(e). Punjabis suffered much for
centuries by foreigner invaders coming from North-west.
Q.3:- Explain the
social-cultural effects of the physical features of Punjab?
Ans: -
(a) Special traits of the character of
Punjabis: {Frequent foreign invasions
A on Punjab made the people of Punjab fearless and Brave.
(b) Increase in the number of caste and sub-castes:- Most of the foreign invaders settled in Punjab and married with Indian women.
As a result so many caste and sub-caste came into being.
(c) Distinct culture of the Punjab: - Mixing of alien people of various cultures and give a birth of distinct culture
in Punjab.
(d)Loss half the art and literature: - As a frequent foreign invasions on
Punjab art and literature was Ahmad Shah abdali, Mahmud gajnavi, hunas, Mongols
destroyed art and literature here.
Q.4:-Explain the
economic effects of the physical features of Punjab?
Ans: -
(a) Agriculture as the main Occupation: - Punjab
was a very fertile region that's why the main occupation of people of Punjab
was agriculture.
(b) Foreign trade:-Many cities like Lahore,
Multan, Jalandhar, emerged as the famous Trade centre.
(c) Emergence of commercial towns: - A number of towns emerged as commercial towns like Lahore, Multan, Amritsar,
Jalandhar, Kashmir.
(d) Prosperity of the Punjab: - Punjab's geographical location made it very rich state. People reared
sheep and goats in mountainous regions.
Q.5:-What do you mean
by Doab. Give a brief description of 5 of Doabs of Punjab?
Ans: - Doab is Persian word meaning “The
land between two rivers" the Punjab has 5 Doabs as given below:
(a) Bist-Jalandhar Doab:-The region in between
the rivers-Beas and Sutlej is called Bist-jalandhar Doab.
(b)Bari Doab: - The land mass between Beas
and Ravi rivers is called Bari Doab. Main cities of this Doab are Lahore and
Amritsar .It is also called Majha.
(c) Rachana Doab: - The land mass between
Ravi and Chenab river is called Rachna Doab. Main cities of this Doab are
Gujranwala and shaku pura.
(d)Chajj Doab: - The land mass between
Chenab and Jhelum rivers is called chajj Doab .Main city of this is Gujarat.
(e) Sindh Sagar Doab:-The land mass between Sindh and Jhelum is called Sindh Sagar Doab. Main city of this is Rawalpindi.
Q.6:- Explain religious
effects of the physical features of Punjab?
Ans :-( a) Hinduism was originated on
the land of Punjab. A plenty of literature was composed on the land of Punjab.
A number of saints and preachers visited Punjab along with invaders. They
preached their on religion.
(b) Propagation of Islam:-Muslim rulers gave
patronage to Islam in Punjab. They tried to convert people forcefully to Islam.
