Chapter: 18 Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s Relations with Afghanistan and
His North-Western Frontier Policy
1) When did Maharaja
Ranjit Singh take the charge of the Shukarchakkia Misl?
In 1797 AD
2) Which ruler of
Afghanistan recognized the annexation of Lahore by Maharaja Ranjit Singh?
Shah Zaman
3) Who was Shah Zaman?
Grandson of Ahmad Shah Abdali
4) When did Shah Zaman
annexed the Lahore?
In 1798 AD
5) With whom did
Maharaja Ranjit Singh make agreement to conquer Kashmir?
Fateh Khan
6) When and where the
agreement was made between Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Fateh Khan to invade
Kashmir?
In 1813 AD, at the fort of Rohtash
7) Whom did Maharaja
Ranjit Singh send to invade Kashmir?
To Faqir Azizuddin
8) When did the battle
of Hazro / Hedro / Chhachh take place?
July 13, 1813
9) The battle of Hazro
/ Hedro / Chhachh took place between which two parties?
Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Fateh Khan
10) Who won the battle
of Hazro / Hedro / Chhachh?
The Sikhs
11) Who fulfilled the
dream of Maharaja Ranjit Singh to conquer Kashmir?
Misar Diwan Chand
12) When did the battle
of Naushera take place?
March 14, 1823
13) The battle of
Naushera took place between which two parties?
the Maharaja Ranjit and the Afghans
gathered under the leadership of Azim Khan
14) Who won the battle
of Naushera?
the Sikhs
15) Which famous Sikh
general was martyred in the battle of Naushera?
Akali Phula Singh
16) Who said,
"Allah has sent me to conquer Punjab and India and to drive out the Sikhs
from the Afghan territories"?
Syed Ahmed
17) Whose messenger did
Syed Ahmed call himself?
Prophet Muhammad Sahib
18) Where did Syed
Ahmed Khan live?
Bareilly
19) At which place was
Syed Ahmed Khan killed?
At Balakot
20) When was the treaty
signed between Maharaja
March 12, 1833
21) When did Maharaja
Ranjit Singh annex the Peshawar to the Sikh Empire?
In 1834 AD
22) After the
annexation of Peshawar to the Sikh Empire, who was appointed its Governor?
Hari Singh Nalwa
23) When did the Battle
of Jamraud begin?
April 28, 1837
24) Which famous Sikh
general was martyred in the battle of Jamraud?
Hari Singh Nalwa
25) When was the
Tripartite treaty signed?
June 26, 1838
26) The tripartite
treaty was signed among which three parties?
Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the British
and Shah Shuja
27) Name some ferocious
tribes lived in the northwestern region?
Yousafzai, Mohammadzai, Afridi,
Khattak etc.
(3 Mark Questions)
Q1 Give a brief account
of Shah Shuja's relations with Maharaja Ranjit Singh?
A: Shah Shuja ruled kabul from 1803
A.D to 1809 A.D. Shah Shuja and Maharaja Ranjit Singh first met in Feburary
1810 A.D. The governor of Atock Jahandad Khan arruted Shah Shuja and sent him
to Kashmir. On the request of family of Shah Shuja. Maharaja Ranjit Singh got
him released in 1813 A.D. Maharaja Ranjit Singh got Kohinoor diamond in return.
In June, 1838 A.D. a Tripartite Treaty was signed between in English, Maharaja
Ranjit Singh and Shah Shuja according to which the efforts were made to make
Shah Shuja the emperor of Afghanistan but in remained unsuccessful.
Q2 Write about
relations between Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Dost Mohammad?
A: Dost Mohammad Khan was the ruler
of Afghanistan. When Maharaja Ranjit Singh
first time attacked Peshwar Dost Mohammad Khan and sultan Mohammad were the governor of Peshawar. Firetly, Dost
Mohammad Khan ran from the battle field.
After this Maharaja Ranjit Singh annexed Peshawar to his empire again. In 1837 A.D, Dost Mohammad Khan sent a vast army to
Peshawar under his son Akbar khan, In this
battle of Jamraud, S. Hari Singh Nalwa was killed, yet the Sikhs, ultimately came out victorious. After this
Dost Mohammad Khan neverturned his face towards Peshawar.
Q3. Write a note on
battle of Jamraud?
A. Hari Singh Nalwa was a great
General of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He built a fort at Jamraud. Akbar Khan, son
of Dost Mohammad Khan attacked Dost Jamraud in 1837 A.D. Hari Singh Nalwa
attacked Afghans but got martyred in the battle of Jamraud. The Sikhs gave
crushing defeat to the Afghans.
Q4. Write a short note
on Akali Phula Singh.
A. Akali Phulka Singh was a great
Sikh General of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He contributed in winning many
battles. He played an important role in conquering of Kasur in 1807 A.D. His
contribution helped in winning the battle of Multan in 1818 A.D. He helped
Maharaja Ranjit Singh in the battle of Kashmir in 1819 A.D. Akali Phula Singh
got martyred in 1823 A.D. in the battle of Naushera against Afghans.
Q5. Write a note on
Hari Singh ‘Nalwa’.
A. Hari Singh ‘Nalwa’ was the
greatest and most fearless General of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Maharaja Ranjit
Singh was impressed from the braveness of Hari Singh Nalwa and appointed him as
a General in his Army. He got the title of ‘Nalwa’ from Maharaja Ranjit Singh
after he killed a lion. He remained the governor of Kashmir in 1820-21 A.D. and
Governor of Peshwar from 1834 A.D. to 1837 A.D. During his governance he
initiated many administrative reforms. He got martyrdom on April 30, 1837 A.D.
fighting against the Afghans at Jamraud.
Q6. Describe the main
features of North-West Frontier policy of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
A. The North-West Frontier Policy of
Maharaja Ranjit Singh mainly aimed to win the Afghan countries. He annexed Attock,
Multan, Kashmir, Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ismail Khan and Peshawar to his empire.
To make North-West Frontier safe, he got many new forts constructed and
repaired the old ones. He appointed trained soldiers for the protection of
forts. Besides this mobile squads were also raised. He did not bring about any
revolutionary change in the administration. Old laws, customs and traditions
were not interferred with. In order to keep territories under control and
maintain peace he appointed Governors. Due to this, North West Frontier policy
was successful to some extend.
Q7. Write about the
significance of North-West Frontier Policy of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
A. 1. The North-West Frontier policy of
Maharaja Ranjit Singh speaks volumes for his far-sightedness, diplomacy and
administrative ability.
2. Due to intelligence of Maharaja
Ranjit Singh, peace was established in border areas.
3. Maharaja has done many social reforms
in the area. He — made the people happy.
4. Due to the success of north-west
Frontier policy, Maharaja Ranjit Singh was able to protect the Sikh empire from
foreign attacks.
5. Due to the success of North-West Frontier
policy, Maharaja Ranjit Singh was able to conquer Sind areas with his army.
(6 Marks Questions)
Q1. Mention about the
main features of North-West Frontier Policy of Maharaja Ranjit Singh?
A. (1) Conquests of North-Western Territories: Due to
this policy, Maharaja Ranjit Singh was able to conquer Attock, Multan, Kashmir,
Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ismail Khan, Peshwar, etc. and included them in his
empire.
(2) Decision of not conquering Afghanistan: Maharaja Ranjit Singh never tried to conquer Afghanistan because he was a
wise statesman. He knew it was difficult to maintain control on Afghanistan.
(3) Effort to crush the rebel: Maharaja Ranjit Singh took many strict steps to supress North-Western
Frontier areas such as Yussufazai, Khattak, Afridi and Vajiri etc. He appointed
Hari Singh Nalwa as the governor who was able to crush the tribes.
(4) Measures for the defence of the North-West
Frontier: Maharaja Ranjit Singh took many steps
in order to protect North- West Frontier borders. The main aim was to protect
Punjab from the attacks of Afghanistan, to supress the revolt of Afghan tribe and
to maintain the fear in the hearts about Lahore Darbar.
(5) Administration of North-West Frontier Territories: In order to maintain control, Maharaja Ranjit Singh didn’t interferred in
the governance and didn’t bring any revolutionary change.
Q2. What were the steps
taken for the protection of North- Western Borders?
A. Maharaja Ranjit Singh took many
steps for the protection of North-Western borders. He appointed famous Generals
for the protection of North-Western borders. Due to their military experience
they were able to control the areas. After annexation of Peshwar to his empire,
he appointed Hari Singh Nalwa as the ‘Nazim' of Peshwar. Military was sent to
crush the rebels who caused heavy loss to them. They started to stop the rebels
because of the fear in their minds. Maharaja Ranjit Singh got constructed many
new forts and appointed military forces to crush the rebels. Many of transport were
developed. Bridges and roads were constructed. Army Generals were appointed in
order to run the administration.
Q3. What was the
significance of North-West Frontier Policy?
